102 NW

	x
*Shared Elements*
*Economy*	The macro-culture shared a capitalist economy with wealth driving virtually all activities. Dentalium shells were used for money. Blood money was recognized as well as debt slavery.
*Government*	None.
*Shamanism*	Female shamans only, received payment for services and were typically wealthy.
*Housing*	Redwood plank cabins with an interior pit and a small hole entry to keep bears out.
*Marriage*	Bride purchase and half marriage (men who could not afford the bride price worked as a slave for one year for the bride's family).
*Dances*	White Deer Dance and Jump Dance
*Creation Story Motif*	Man Across the Water
*Basketry*	Twining only
*Primary Food*	Salmon and acorns
Taboos	Twins. Smothered one of twins upon birth.

The Northwest California macro-culture featured many traits of the greater Northwest cultures. The greater Northwest cultures undertook a metamorphosis in the mid-eighteenth century as a result pf Polynesian influences. These changes manifested themselves particularly in art, both manual and performance. Nonetheless, their overwhelmingly dentalium driven capitalistic economy and society was a feature that the Northwest California macro-culture shared with the other greater Northwest cultures.

The Northwest California macro-culture was, on the average, a rich one in comparison to all other California macro-cultures. Life was relatively easy along the salmon rich rivers and in the acorn and game rich forests for all but a few relatively small ethnies. This afforded opportunities for the pursuing of arts and the participation in ceremonies.

Inter-culture contact within the Northwest California macro-culture, however, must have been minimal as compared to the other California macro-cultures as demonstrated by its great number of separate languages each with a relatively few speakers. This large number of languages surely developed subsequent to the arrival of most of the various ethnies barely more than a millennium ago. Heavy inter-ethnie contact would have mitigated such linguistic diversity.

Populations	Year 1700	Year 1800	Year 1900	Year 2000
Chilula	500	500	50	0
Chimariko	250	250	0	0
Eel River Tribes	2,000	2,000	100	500
Hupa	1,000	1,000	500	2,200
Karuk	2,700	2,700	1,000	2,300
Shasta	1,900	1,900	500	400
Wailaki	2,700	1,900	200	400
Whilcut	500	500	50	100
Wiyot	1,200	1,000	150	250
Yurok	2,500	2,500	700	2,300

Total Northwest Calif.	15,250	14,250	3,250	8,450

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Ethnies	Chilula, Chimariko, Eel River Tribes, Hupa, Karuk, Lassik, Nongatl, Shasta, Tolowa, Whilcut, Wiyot, Yurok, some southwestern Oregon ethnies
*Transition Ethnies*	Achomawi, Atsugewi
*Hub Ethnie*	Yurok