Miwok
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FOUR DIRECTIONS
INSTITUTE Miwok |
| Ethnie: | MIWOK (ME-WUK) |
| Language: | Miwokan |
| Family: | Utian |
| Stock: | Penutian |
| Phylum: | Macro-Penutian |
| Macro-Culture: | Kuksu |
| x |
| The Miwok were a language group and three separate cultures of semi-sedentary hunter/gatherers. The Valley Miwok lived along the western slope of the Sierra Nevadas from the Sacramento/San Joaquin delta and Cosumnes River south to the Fresno River. The Coast Miwok ranged from the Golden Gate north to Duncan's Point and east to Sonoma Creek. The Lake Miwok lived in the basin of Clear Lake. The Miwok were practically destroyed by White introduced diseases and the atrocities of the Mexicans and American gold rush era settlers and miners. |
| Aboriginal Locations |
| (Villages) Lake (19), Coast (44), Valley (107) |
| Present Locations |
| BIG SANDY RANCHERIA, Auberry |
| BUENA VISTA RANCHERIA, Ione |
| CHICKEN RANCH RANCHERIA, Jamestown |
| CLOVERDALE RANCHERIA, Cloverdale |
| CORTINA RANCHERIA, Williams |
| JACKSON RANCHERIA, Jackson |
| NORTH FORK RANCHERIA, North Fork |
| PICAYUNE RANCHERIA, Coarsegold |
| SHEEP RANCH RANCHERIA, Sheepranch |
| SHINGLE SPRINGS RANCHERIA, Shingle Springs |
| TUOLUMNE ME-WUK RANCHERIA, Tuolumne |
| Groups With Recognition Petitions zpending |
| IONE BAND OF MIWOK INDIANS, Ione |
| FEDERATED COAST MIWOK, Novato |
| Year | History |
| 1579 | Coast Miwok met Sir Francis Drake |
| 1776 | Jose Canizares explored territories |
| 1794 | First converts at San Francisco Mission |
| 1811 | First converts at San Jose Mission |
| 1813 | Battled with Spanish under Arguelo at Consumes River |
| 1819 | Attacked by Sanchez, 27 killed |
| 1826 | Attacked by Sanchez, 40 killed |
| 1827 | Attacked by Soto, many killed in a five hour battle |
| 1833 | Malaria epidemic, huge loses |
| 1837 | Attacked by Mesa and Amador, 70 Spanish killed 100 in battle, massacred another 100 captives |
| 1850 | California gold rush, conflicts and genocide followed; attacked miners under chief Tenaya |
| 1851 | Mariposa Indian War |
| Year | Population | Source |
| 11,400 | Cook aboriginal estimate | |
| 1700 | 11,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1770 | 9,000 | Kroeber estimate |
| 1800 | 9,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1848 | 6,500 | Cook estimate |
| 1852 | 4,850 | Cook estimate |
| 1880 | 1,080 | Cook estimate |
| 1900 | 1,100 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1910 | 1,100 | Census |
| 1930 | 93 | Census |
| 1989 | 1,333 | BIA |
| 2000 | 1,500 | NAHDB calculation |
| Other speakers of the same language: |
| None |
Copyright © 2000 by Four Directions Institute