102 Kawai

*Ethnie:*	KAWAIISU
*Language:*	Southern Numic
*Family:*	Numic
*Stock:*	Uto-Aztecan
*Phylum:*	Aztec-Tanoan
*Macro-Culture:*	Transition - Kuksu and Great Basin

The Kawaiisu were a semi-nomadic hunter/gatherer tribe that ranged throughout the Tehachapi Mountains. They were closely related to the Chemehuevi, and, therefore, the Southern Paiute. They were devastated by the gold rush miners and settlers, as well as U. S. military aggression.

Aboriginal Locations

Primary territories in the Tehachapi Pass but ranged great distances

Present Locations

Some descendants at TULE RIVER RESERVATION, Porterville while others absorbed into the local culture and to the west in Tejon Pass

Year	*History*
1776	Visited by Garcés
1844	John C. Fremont passed through area
1850	John C. Fremont passed through area
1863	Massacre of 35 unarmed Kawaiisu by soldiers under Capt. Moses McLaughlin

Year	Population	Source
1700	500	NAHDB calculation
1770	500	Kroeber estimate
1800	400	NAHDB calculation
1900	150	NAHDB calculation
1910	150	Kroeber estimate
1984	35	Zigmond
2000	50	NAHDB calculation

Other speakers of the same language:

Chemehuevi, Southern Paiute AZ NV, Ute CO NM UT

Kawaiisu Sites

Father Garces in Tehachapi, California http://www.cybersurfers.net/~vredenb/history/garces.htm

Kawaiisu http://www.burgaud.demon.nl/Langages/NA/2a10/Kawaiisu/Kawaiisu.htm

Kawaiisu Baskets http://virtualmuseum.net/tribes/Kawaiisu/INDEX.HTM

Kawaiisu Culture http://www.bakersfield.org/tkpark/kawaiisu.htm

Kawaiisu Indians of California http://www.expage.com/page/kaw55

Kawaiisu Indians of Tehachapi http://www.cybersurfers.net/~vredenb/history/indians.htm

Kawaiisu Storage Basket http://www.qal.berkeley.edu/~hearst/collect/coll_1a_4.htm

The Tejon Indians http://www.expage.com/page/tejonres

Tomo-Kahni http://www.calparksmojave.com/tomokahni/

Tomo-Kahni Music (downloadable) http://www.nps.gov/samo/fos/tomo2.html