Hupa
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FOUR DIRECTIONS
INSTITUTE Hupa |
| Ethnie: | HUPA |
| Language: | Hupan |
| Family: | Pacific Coast Athapaskan |
| Stock: | Athapaskan |
| Phylum: | Na-Dena |
| Macro-Culture: | Northwest California |
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| The Hupa were sedentary hunter/gatherers that relied heavily on salmon fishing. They were located on the middle course of the Trinity River and on the New River. Their rich area, though small, was densely populated. They suffered from the White influx but held much of their territory. |
| Aboriginal Locations |
| 26 villages |
| Present Locations |
| CA BIG BEND RANCHERIA, Big Bend |
| ELK VALLEY RANCHERIA, Crescent City |
| HOOPA VALLEY RESERVATION, Hoopa |
| Year | History |
| 1828 | Visited by Jedediah Smith |
| 1850 | Influx of prospectors |
| 1851 | Visited by McKee, treaty established reservation |
| 1858 | Fort Gaston established in Hoopa Valley |
| 1859 | Began resistance of White influx |
| 1869 | Granted Hoopa Valley |
| 1988 | Hoopa-Yurok Settlement Act divided lands |
| Year | Population | Source |
| 1700 | 1,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1770 | 1,000 | Kroeber estimate |
| 1800 | 1,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1848 | 1,000 | Cook estimate |
| 1851 | 1,000 | Kroeber estimate |
| 1852 | 900 | Cook estimate |
| 1880 | 500 | Cook estimate |
| 1900 | 500 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1906 | 420 | Kelsey census |
| 1910 | 500 | Census |
| 1937 | 575 | US Indian Office |
| 1962 | 992 | California Commission on Indian Affairs |
| 1981 | 1,816 | Calculated from BIA data |
| 2000 | 2,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| Other speakers of the same language: |
| Chilula, Whilcut |
Copyright © 2000 by Four Directions Institute