Diegueño
|
|
FOUR DIRECTIONS
INSTITUTE Diegueño |
| Ethnie: | DIEGUENO (KUMEYAAY) |
| Language: | Delta-California Yuman |
| Family: | Yuman |
| Stock: | Western Hokan |
| Phylum: | Hokan |
| Macro-Culture: | Chungichnich |
| x |
| The Diegueño were a dialectic group of semi-sedentary hunter/gatherer bands. Their territory covered approximately southern San Diego County extending into Baja California. They took an aggressive posture toward the Spanish and their missions. This reduced somewhat the early negative effect of the White influx. |
| Aboriginal Locations |
| Aha-hakaik, Ahta, Ahwat, Amai'-tu, Amat-kwa'-ahwat, Amotanebuwe, Anyaha, Awaskai, Ekwainak, Emitl-kwatai, Ewaiapaip, Guyapipe, Hakam, Hamacha, Hamul, Hanwi, Hapai, Hapawu, Hasasei, Hasumel, Hata'am, Hawai, Hawi, Ilokwi, Inmasi, Inyahkai, Kamachal, Kohwat, Kokwiltl, Kosmit, Kosoi, Kwalhwut, Kwatai, Maktati, Maramoido, Matamo, Mat-ahwat-is, Meti, Netlmol, Nipawai, Otai, Pauipu, Pauwai, Pokol, Pu-shuyi, Sekwan, Shana, Sinyau-tehwir, Sinyeweche, Tapanke, Tokakamalai, Wemura, Witlinak |
| Present Locations |
| BARON RESERVATION, Lakeside |
| CAMPO RESERVATION, Campo |
| CAPITAL GRANDE RESERVATION, Alpine |
| CUYAPAIPE RESERVATION, Mount Laguna |
| INJA-COSMIT RESERVATION, Julian |
| LA POSTA RESERVATION, Riverside |
| MANZANITA RESERVATION, Boulevard |
| SAN PASQUAL RESERVATION, Valley Center |
| SANTA YSABEL RESERVATION, Santa Isabel |
| SYCHUAN RESERVATION, El Cajon |
| Year | History |
| 1542 | Cabrillo discovered San Diego Bay |
| 1769 | Mission San Diego de Alcala and the Presidio of San Diego established |
| 1776 | Attack San Diego Mission, killed 3, including only priest ever killed by California Indians |
| 1821 | Some of tribe indentured to feudal Mexican barons |
| 1863 | Probably affected by smallpox epidemic |
| Year | Population | Source |
| 1700 | 3,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1770 | 3,000 | Kroeber estimate |
| 1800 | 3,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1828 | 1,711 | San Diego mission records |
| 1856 | 2,500 | ARCIA |
| 1871 | 1,571 | Census |
| 1873 | 886 | Catholic Indian mission archives |
| 1883 | 731 | ARCIA |
| 1895 | 640 | ARCIA |
| 1900 | 700 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1913 | 901 | ARCIA |
| 1925 | 817 | ARCIA |
| 1940 | 957 | ARCIA |
| 1968 | 1,322 | ARCIA |
| 1981 | 2,083 | NAHDB estimate using BIA data |
| 1989 | 2,079 | NAHDB estimate using BIA data |
| 2000 | 2,500 | NAHDB projection |
| Other speakers of the same language: |
| Cocopa, Halykwami, Kamia, Kohuana |
| Digueño links: |
| Campo Kumeyaay http://www.campo-kumeyaay.org/ |
| Digueno Creation Story http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/5292/creatall.htm |
| Diguenos - ES Curtis http://www.curtis-collection.com/tribe%20data/dieguenos.html |
| Diegueno Sandals http://cs.fdl.cc.mn.us/~isk/art/basket/bascloth.html |
| Indians of San Diego County http://libweb.sdsu.edu/sub_libs/pwhite/insdcnty.html |
| Indian Reservations in San Diego County http://www.acusd.edu/nativeamerican/reservations.html |
| Journal of San Diego County History http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/97summer/missionrevolt.htm |
| Kumeyaay http://www.desertusa.com/mag99/july/papr/kumeyaay.html |
| San Diego History http://www.sandiegohistory.org/timeline/timeline.htm |
| San Diego Reservations http://www.acusd.edu/nativeamerican/reservations.html |
| Copyright © 2000 by Four Directions Institute |